Bedaquiline (CAS 843663-66-1), chemically designated as (1R,2S)-1-(6-bromo-2-methoxyquinolin-3-yl)-4-(dimethylamino)-2-(naphthalen-1-yl)-1-phenylbutan-2-ol, is a first-in-class diarylquinoline antimycobacterial agent. The molecule features a complex chiral architecture with two contiguous stereocenters at the C1 and C2 positions of the butan-2-ol backbone, creating a rigid three-dimensional conformation that is essential for its selective inhibition of mycobacterial ATP synthase.
Tofacitinib (CAS 477600-75-2) is a first-in-class, orally bioavailable pan-Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor. The molecule features a pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine core linked to a chiral 3-((3R,4R)-4-methyl-3-(methylamino)piperidin-1-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrile side chain. This unique structural arrangement enables Tofacitinib to inhibit JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and, to a lesser extent, TYK2, with particular potency against JAK3 (IC₅₀ = 1 nM).
Apremilast (CAS 608141-41-9) is an orally bioavailable small-molecule phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor that selectively modulates intracellular cAMP levels. The molecule features a phthalimide core with an acetamide substituent at the 4-position and a chiral (S)-1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-methylsulfonylethyl side chain at the 2-position.
Migalastat HCl (CAS 75172-81-5) is a small-molecule iminosugar that functions as a competitive, reversible inhibitor and pharmacological chaperone of the lysosomal enzyme α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A). Chemically known as 1-deoxygalactonojirimycin (DGJ) hydrochloride, Migalastat HCl features a piperidine ring with four stereocenters that mirror the configuration of D-galactose.
Bazedoxifene (CAS 198481-32-2) is a third-generation, indole-based, nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). The molecule features a characteristic indole core with a 4-hydroxyphenyl substituent at the 2-position, a methyl group at the 3-position, and a 4-(2-(azepan-1-yl)ethoxy)benzyl side chain attached to the indole nitrogen.
Duvelisib (CAS 1201438-56-3) is a potent and selective oral small-molecule dual inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-δ and PI3K-γ. The molecule features a complex isoquinolinone core fused with a purine moiety through a chiral ethylamine linker, creating a rigid, three-dimensional architecture that enables high-affinity binding to the ATP-binding pocket of PI3K isoforms.
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