Decitabine

Decitabine is a critical antineoplastic pharmaceutical intermediate and active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) used in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). As a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, Decitabine is incorporated into DNA during replication, where it forms an irreversible covalent complex with DNMT enzymes, leading to global DNA hypomethylation and reactivation of tumor suppressor genes. The clinical success of Decitabine has established it as a standard-of-care therapy for high-risk MDS patients who are ineligible for intensive chemotherapy. In quality control contexts, Decitabine and its related impurities—including Decitabine Impurity 2 (alpha-isomer), Impurity 4, Impurity 6, Impurity 11, and Decitabine Related Compound A—are critical reference standards for analytical method development, method validation, and quality control applications. As a pivotal epigenetic therapeutic, Decitabine continues to be extensively studied in combination regimens for hematological malignancies and solid tumors.

 

Product Parameters

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Parameter	Specification
Product Name	Decitabine
CAS Number	2353-33-5
Molecular Formula	C₈H₁₂N₄O₄
Molecular Weight	228.21 g/mol
Appearance	White to off-white powder
Melting Point	~200 °C (dec.)
Density	1.3771 g/cm³
Boiling Point	370.01 °C
Storage Condition	Keep in dark place,Inert atmosphere,Store in freezer, under -20°C

Mechanism Of Action

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Decitabine is a pyrimidine analog (5-azano-2'-deoxycytidine nucleoside), representing the 2-deoxy-D-ribose form of 5-azacytosine nucleoside. Within cells, decitabine is converted to its triphosphate form, which integrates into the DNA chain, inhibiting DNA methylation and thereby enhancing the expression of dormant genes (including tumor suppressor genes). Both in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that decitabine can induce bone marrow cell differentiation, thereby normalizing bone marrow function in patients with certain forms of myelodysplasia.

 

Untoward E ffect

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(1) Neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, vomiting, fatigue, fever, cough, nausea, constipation, diarrhea, hyperglycemia, and febrile neutropenia.

 

(2) High doses may induce neurotoxicity, manifested as drowsiness, aphasia, hemiplegia, etc., but symptoms typically resolve upon discontinuation of the drug.

Bioactivity

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Decitabine (Deoxycytidine, Dacogen; 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine; 5-AZA-dC; 5-aza-CdR; NSC127716) is a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor that integrates into DNA, inducing low DNA methylation and causing DNA replication to arrest in the intra-S phase. Decitabine is used to treat myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). It can induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in various cancer cell lines.

 

Contact Us

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Whether you need Decitabine for commercial API manufacturing, analytical reference standard applications, or epigenetic research, Cosperpharm is your trusted partner. Reach out to our team to discuss your specifications, request documentation, or place an order.