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Fmoc-Glu(OtBu)-OH·H₂O (Fmoc-L-glutamic acid γ-tert-butyl ester monohydrate, CAS 204251-24-1) is an Fmoc-protected derivative of L-glutamic acid in which the side-chain γ-carboxyl group is protected as a tert-butyl ester. The molecule features the Fmoc (9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl) group at the N-terminus for temporary protection during SPPS, a free α-carboxylic acid for peptide chain elongation, and a tert-butyl (OtBu) ester protecting the side-chain carboxylate.

Fmoc-L-Pen(Acm)-OH (Fmoc-S-acetamidomethyl-L-penicillamine, CAS 201531-76-2) is an Fmoc-protected derivative of the non-natural amino acid L-penicillamine (β,β-dimethylcysteine). The molecule features a penicillamine core with a tert-butyl (gem-dimethyl) substitution at the β-carbon, a free carboxylic acid, and an N-terminal Fmoc (9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl) protecting group. The thiol group of penicillamine is protected by an acetamidomethyl (Acm) group, which serves as a thiol-protecting moiety that is stable under standard Fmoc SPPS conditions and can be selectively removed using mercuric acetate or iodine to reveal the free thiol for disulfide bond formation.

Fmoc-ThpGly-OH (Fmoc-4-amino-tetrahydropyran-4-carboxylic acid, CAS 285996-72-7) is a specialized Fmoc-protected non-natural amino acid featuring a tetrahydropyran ring fused to the alpha-carbon center. The molecule consists of a rigid six-membered tetrahydropyran (oxane) ring with an amino group at the 4-position, which is protected by the Fmoc (9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl) group, and a carboxylic acid functionality at the same carbon.

Fmoc-Met(O2)-OH (N-α-Fmoc-L-methionine sulfone, CAS 163437-14-7) is an Fmoc-protected derivative of L-methionine in which the sulfur atom has been fully oxidized to the sulfone oxidation state (R-SO₂-R). This structural modification fundamentally alters the electronic and steric properties of the methionine side chain: the sulfone group introduces two oxygen atoms that significantly increase the polarity of the residue while eliminating the redox-sensitive thioether functionality present in native methionine.

Fmoc-Ado-OH (Fmoc-8-amino-3,6-dioxaoctanoic acid, also known as Fmoc-AEEA or Fmoc-NH-PEG₂-CH₂COOH) is an Fmoc-protected amino-PEG₂-acetic acid derivative featuring a flexible polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacer between the Fmoc-protected amine and the terminal carboxylic acid. The molecule consists of an Fmoc-protected primary amine linked to a carboxylic acid through a 3,6-dioxaoctanoic acid spacer—a hydrophilic PEG₂ chain that imparts water solubility and conformational flexibility.

Fmoc-5-Hydroxy-Nva(TBDPS)-OH (N-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-5-(tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy-L-norvaline) is a specialized Fmoc-protected, non-proteinogenic amino acid derivative featuring a hydroxy modification at the side chain of norvaline. The molecule incorporates the acid-labile 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc) group protecting the N-terminus, while the side-chain hydroxyl group is masked by the tert-butyldiphenylsilyl (TBDPS) protecting group—a bulky, acid-stable silyl ether that provides orthogonal protection during peptide synthesis.