Bepotastine is a second‑generation, non‑sedating, selective histamine H1 receptor antagonist belonging to the piperidine chemical class. Structurally, Bepotastine features a piperidine ring substituted with a (4‑chlorophenyl)(pyridin‑2‑yl)methoxy group at the 4‑position and a butanoic acid side chain at the 1‑position, with a single stereocenter at the benzylic carbon.
Venetoclax (ABT-199, GDC-0199) is a first-in-class, orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of the B‑cell lymphoma 2 (BCL‑2) protein. Structurally, Venetoclax features a complex heterocyclic core anchored by a biaryl acylsulfonamide pharmacophore, with a nitro‑substituted benzenesulfonamide moiety and a tetrahydropyran-containing substituent that together confer exquisite selectivity for BCL‑2 over other anti‑apoptotic BCL‑2 family members.
Abemaciclib (CAS 1231929-97-7, LY2835219, Verzenio®) is a reversible, ATP-competitive inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6). Structurally, Abemaciclib features a 2-aminopyrimidine core substituted with a fluorinated benzimidazole moiety and an N-ethylpiperazinylmethyl pyridine side chain. The molecule contains two fluorine atoms, eight nitrogen atoms, and a molecular framework that enables potent and selective inhibition of CDK4/cyclin D1 over CDK6/cyclin D1 complexes.
Olaparib (CAS 763113-22-0, AZD2281, Lynparza®) is a first-in-class, orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2. Structurally, Olaparib features a phthalazinone core substituted with a fluorobenzyl group and a piperazine ring bearing a cyclopropanecarbonyl moiety. The molecule contains a phthalazin-1(2H)-one scaffold that is essential for PARP inhibitory activity, with the piperazine ring providing key interactions within the PARP active site.
Rucaparib Phosphate (CAS 459868-92-9, AG014699 phosphate, PF-01367338 phosphate) is the phosphate salt form of rucaparib, a tricyclic indole poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor with potential chemosensitizing, radiosensitizing, and antineoplastic activities. Structurally, Rucaparib Phosphate features a tricyclic indole core with a fluorinated aromatic ring and a methylaminomethyl phenyl substituent.
Nintedanib (CAS 656247-17-5, BIBF 1120, Ofev®, Vargatef®) is a small molecule kinase inhibitor used in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease, and certain types of cancer including non-small cell lung cancer. Structurally, Nintedanib features an indole core with a methyl piperazinyl acetamide substituent and a methylamino carbonyl phenyl group.
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